WAEC Animal Husbandry (Alt B) Syllabus

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss farm animals as a source of food

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss farm animals as a source of raw materials

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss farm animals as a source of manure and related uses

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss farm animals as a source of feed ingredients

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Candidates should be able to discuss animal power

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss the use of farm animals in research and drug production

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss employment and income from farm animals

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss the social functions of farm animals

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss the use of farm animals for security and as pets

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss the use of farm animals in sports, games and religious festivals

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss foreign exchange earnings from animal products

Objective

Candidates should be able to classify farm animals based on stomach type

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Candidates should be able to identify the external features of common ruminants and non-ruminants and differentiate them based on type of stomach and type of feed consumed

Objective

Candidates should be able to identify the internal organs of farm animals and state their functions

Objective

Candidates should understand the functions of each body system

Objective

Candidates should be able to define terms such as ovulation, oestrus cycle, heat period, signs of heat, mating, gestation, parturition, lactation, colostrum, flushing, steaming up, dystocia, vaginal prolapse etc.

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss detection of heat, mating systems, pregnancy detection and signs of parturition

Objective

Candidates should know the process of egg formation in poultry

Objective

Candidates should know the sources and roles of female hormones (oestrogen, progesterone, relaxin, oxytocin etc.) and male hormones (testosterone/androgen)

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss regular and adequate feeding, body exercise, steaming up, separation from male animals, provision of clean and adequate water, administration of drugs where necessary, dipping to eliminate ecto-parasites, and parturition

Objective

Candidates should know the livestock management systems and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss housing requirements and use of local materials for construction

Objective

Candidates should understand these practices and discuss the importance of each

Objective

Candidates should be able to keep simple records and income and expenditure accounts

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss management practices from birth to maturity of the named animals

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss animal nutrition and feed nutrients, their functions, sources and deficiencies

Objective

Candidates should be able to classify animal feeds

Objective

Candidates should know the meaning and types of livestock rations

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss practical ways to check malnutrition such as feeding balanced rations, feeding weaker animals separately, deworming, giving supplementary feeds, adding feed additives to stimulate appetite, protecting animals from toxic plants and harmful substances, adjusting stocking rates and providing good quality and adequate water

Objective

Candidates should be able to carry out practical diet formulations for the different classes of farm animals

Objective

Candidates should be able to identify different feed ingredients used for diet formulation

Objective

Candidates should know the factors to consider in feed formulation

Objective

Candidates should know pre-slaughtering, slaughtering and post-slaughtering activities, hygienic conditions in processing, slaughtering techniques for different farm animals, and processing of products e.g. egg, milk, meat, skin, wool, honey, snail shell, feathers, fur, hooves, horns, blood, faeces/droppings into other forms (value addition)

Objective

Candidates should understand common marketing channels and agents such as producers, wholesalers, retailers, consumers, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss the definition, examples and importance of pasture and forage crops

Objective

Candidates should understand the types and features of pasture and forage crops

Objective

Candidates should know basic terminologies in pasture management

Objective

Candidates should understand the meaning and features of rangeland

Objective

Candidates should know methods: reseeding, rotational grazing, controlled stocking, deferred grazing, controlled burning, fertilizer application, pest control, disease control etc.

Objective

Candidates should know the role of rangeland in livestock production e.g. provision of vegetation and grasses for animals, exercise, provision of hay and silage

Objective

Candidates should understand the meaning and terminologies used in animal improvement

Objective

Candidates should know the aims: high reproductive efficiency, potency, mothering ability, cool temperament, high libido, resistance to pests and diseases, tolerance to harsh environment etc.

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss introduction, selection and breeding

Objective

Candidates should understand the merits and demerits of each method

Objective

Candidates should be able to explain the term artificial insemination

Objective

Candidates should be able to identify materials, methods, steps and precautions in carrying out artificial insemination

Objective

Candidates should know the advantages of artificial insemination

Objective

Candidates should know the meaning and causal agents (bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa) of diseases in farm animals

Objective

Candidates should be able to discuss signs of a sick animal e.g. loss of appetite, loss of weight, diarrhoea, high body temperature, blood stained urine, gnashing of teeth, discharges from natural openings, blood stained faeces, ruffled feathers or fur, standing hair, undue noise, excessive salivation, anaemia, staggering gait, difficulty in breathing, coma, sudden death

Objective

Candidates should be able to identify the main diseases, causal agents, mode of transmission and symptoms, and know simple preventive and control measures including use of antibiotics and ethno-veterinary practices

Objective

Candidates should know factors e.g. poor nutrition, poor health status, poor sanitation, inadequate bio-security, overcrowding, unfavourable weather conditions, low immunity

Objective

Candidates should understand the meaning, classes, control/prevention and effects of parasites, including life cycles, and identify ecto-parasites (ticks, lice, mites, fleas etc.) and endo-parasites (tapeworm, roundworm, hookworm, pinworm, liver fluke, trypanosome etc.) and their economic importance

Objective

Candidates should know livestock pests (rodents, snakes, soldier ants, birds, weevils, termites, flies etc.), prevention/control using dewormers, acaricides, pesticides and ethno-veterinary practices, effects of pests on farm animals, and identify and know the economic importance of storage pests (rodents, weevils, termites, cockroaches) and field pests (soldier ants, birds, snakes, flies)

Objective

Candidates should be able to identify and know the uses of products and by-products such as meat, eggs, milk, honey, hides, skin, blood, hair, wool, feathers, horn, hooves, bones, snail shell, animal dung

Objective

Candidates should be able to describe, draw and label the external parts of farm animals

Objective

Candidates should be able to identify and draw the major internal structures in the various body systems of a named ruminant, poultry and pig, and state the differences in structures and functions

Objective

Candidates should be able to identify tools and equipment for: housing (head pan, trowel, shovel/spade, hammer, pincers, pliers, spanner, screw driver); brooding (coal pots, kerosene stoves, hurricane lantern, electric bulb, hover, chick feeder, flat trays, chick drinker, brood guard/surround, thermometer, hygrometer); feeding (feeders, drinkers, weighing scale); identification (branding iron, ear clips, neck chains, marker, ear notcher, indelible ink); debeaking (debeaking machine, sharp knife, heater); castration (surgical blade/scalpel, burdizzo, elastrator, elastic ring, cotton wool, suture needle, suture thread); handling (kraal, restraining ropes, wooden rod, nose ring); dehorning (iron saw, knife/cutlass); incubation (incubator, hatcher, chick box, egg tray, humidifier, candler); milking (cheese cloth, milking machine, milking chute, milk testing cup, drenching bottle, milking pails, buckets); slaughtering (cutlass, knife, stunning gun, electric shocker, defeathering machine, eviscerator, conveyor, weighing scale, blast freezer, cold rooms); pasture and forage crops (sickle, knife/cutlass, harvesters, silo); and discuss their maintenance

Objective

Candidates should be able to identify and know the uses of feeds and feedstuffs such as common feed ingredients (maize, groundnut cake, soya bean meal, palm kernel cake, fish meal, bone meal, oyster shell, limestone, salt, salt lick, premix, wheat offal), crop residues, agricultural by-products and non-conventional feeds (jack bean, rumen digesta, cassava peel) and the major nutrients they contain

Objective

Candidates should be able to identify common pasture and forage crops and know their uses, and discuss hay and silage making

Objective

Candidates should be able to identify the tools and equipment and their uses, and discuss simple techniques of semen collection, preservation and insemination

Objective

Candidates should be able to identify storage pests (rodents, weevils, termites, cockroaches) and field pests (soldier ants, birds, snakes, flies) and know their economic importance

Objective

Candidates should be able to identify ectoparasites (ticks, lice, mites, fleas) and endoparasites (tapeworm, roundworms, hookworm, pinworm, liver fluke, trypanosomes), know their economic importance, and study their life cycles, prevention and control

Objective

School should provide the structure for practical teaching

Objective

School should provide the structure for practical teaching

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School should provide the structure for practical teaching

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School should provide the structure for practical teaching

Objective

School should keep the live animals for practical teaching

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School should keep the live animals for practical teaching

Objective

School should keep the live animals for practical teaching

Objective

School should keep the live animals for practical teaching

Objective

School should provide specimens for practical identification

Objective

School should provide charts and pictures for teaching

Objective

School should provide machines and equipment for practical teaching

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School should provide drugs, vaccines and materials for practical teaching

Objective

School should provide feed samples for practical identification

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School should provide other materials for practical teaching